Balm of Gilead, an aromatic Shrub
A Flowering Perennial Herb with a Lovely Eucalyptus Fragrance
Balm of Gilead is a perennial shrub with a lovely eucalyptus aroma. This fragrant herb has a rich and ancient history.
Speak to the earth, and it shall teach thee."
Job 12:8 (Old Testament)
Balm of Gilead
Although this herb originates from the Canary Islands, as indicated by its species name (Cedronella canariensis), balm of Gilead is now established in many temperate regions of the world. Many plants have been called balm of Gilead: the common link is that they all have a musky, eucalyptus or camphorlike fragrance.
Many names refer to this ancient herb, rich in history and in lore, such as Balsam Poplar Buds, Canary Balm, True Balm of Gilead and Willow Poplar Buds.
The Queen of Sheba gave Solomon the aromatic desert shrub balm of Gilead (Commiphora apobalsamum), found in the Holy Land. Today this rare variety is protected and its export prohibited.
The balm of Gilead mentioned in the Bible ( "Is there no balm in Gilead; is there no physician there?") is believed to be an oleo-resin obtained from Balsamodendron, a plant now thought to be extinct.
Cedronella canariensis is a half hardy perennial with a height of 3 feet and a spread of 2 feet. The 3 lobed and toothed leaves are borne on square stems. The leaves have a strong eucalyptus fragrance. Pink or pale mauve flowers bloom throughout the summer. The seed heads are dark black.
Propagation by cuttings is more reliable than seeds. They take readily either in early summer before flowering in new growth or in early fall on the semi-ripe wood. Use the bark, peat mix of potting soil.
Being so aromatic, pests are not usually a problem.
Balm of Gilead grows quite well outside in a sheltered position. Plant in full sun, preferably against a warm, wind-protecting wall. It is a tender plant which may need protection in colder climates. If you get frosts lower that 29 degrees F, protect the plant in the winter months by either bringing it in a cool greenhouse or by covering it with landscaping cloth. Keep watering to an absolute minimum during the winter months.
This herb makes a exquisite container plant. A 9-10 inch pot will be required for a plant to reach maturity. Use a free-draining soil and liquid feed monthly throughout the summer for a mature plant. The scent of the leaves perfumes the air when the plant is watered or the sun is shining on it.
With the exception of modern research regarding the healing benefits of Ginko Biloba, many of us overlook the fact that trees and shrubs also contain a number of healing properties. The Cherokee Indians of western North Carolina, for example discovered a tooth cleaning product within the prolific growth of Dogwoods in the area. Similar to what we now use to floss our teeth, tiny twigs were used with a cleaning benefit to the teeth and gums. Many trees, roots, leaves and flowers contain medicinal properties.
Balm of Gilead has been reputed to treat a number of disorders such as acute and chronic affections of the upper respiratory tract, cough, cuts, dental caries, minor aches and pains, pimples (topical ointment), respiratory disorders, snakebite, sore throat and sores.
Pick the leaves for drying before the flowers open, when they will be at their most aromatic. Crush the leaves in your hand and inhale the wonderful aroma to clear your head. Rub the leaves on your skin to help repel mosquitoes. Collect the dry, black seed heads for lovely winter arrangements.
McVicar, Jekka. Herbs for the Home. Penguin Books USA Inc. 1994.
